Canna indica, commonly known as Indian shot or Canna lily, is a tropical plant that is admired for its vibrant, showy flowers and large, bold foliage. It belongs to the Cannaceae family and is native to the Americas, particularly the tropical regions of Central and South America. Canna indica is often used in landscaping, especially in tropical and subtropical areas, due to its colorful blooms and attractive foliage.

Key Characteristics of Canna indica:

1. Appearance:

   • Leaves: The plant has large, broad, and leathery leaves that are typically green, although some varieties may have purple or bronze hues.
   • Flowers: The flowers of Canna indica are large, colorful, and appear in clusters. They come in a variety of colors, including red, orange, yellow, pink, and sometimes even purple. The flowers have a unique, trumpet-like shape with three petals and three sepals.
   • Height: Canna plants can grow anywhere from 3 to 6 feet tall, depending on the variety and growing conditions.

2. Root System:

   • Rhizomes: Canna plants have a rhizomatous root system, meaning they grow from underground stems or rhizomes. These rhizomes store energy for the plant and can be divided to propagate new plants.

3. Stem:

   • The stem of the Canna plant is typically thick, upright, and can reach substantial heights. It is often green, but some varieties can have reddish or purple stems.

Growing Conditions:

1. Light:

   • Canna indica thrives in full sun to partial shade. However, it blooms best when exposed to full sunlight. A minimum of 6 hours of direct sunlight per day is ideal for optimal growth.

2. Watering:

   • Canna plants require regular watering, especially during the growing season (spring to summer). They like moist, well-drained soil. It’s important to avoid letting the soil dry out completely, but it should not be waterlogged, as that could lead to root rot.
   • In tropical or subtropical areas, Canna plants can tolerate wet conditions and may even be grown in shallow water.

3. Soil:

   • Canna indica prefers rich, well-drained soil that is slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0–7.0).
   • Soil that is rich in organic matter will support strong, healthy growth and vibrant blooms.

4. Temperature:

   • Canna indica is best suited to warm climates. It prefers temperatures between 70°F to 85°F (21°C to 29°C).
   • It is not frost-tolerant, so in colder climates, it is often grown as an annual or dug up in the fall to be stored indoors during the winter months.